Oscar frxlich



(No Model.)

0. PRULIGH.

OZONE'TUBB.

No. 487,390. Patent'ed'Deo. e, 1892.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFicE.

OSCAR FRiiLICH, 0F BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SIEMENS & IIALSKE,

OF SAME PLACE.

OZONE-TUBE.

SPEOIHOATION forming part of Letters Patent Ida 487,390, dated December6, 1892.

Application filed November 14, 1891- Serlnl No. 411,948. (No model.)Patented in Germany March 25, 1891,1io. 69.666; in France May 26,1801,1io.218.898i in Belgium May 26, 1891,10. 95,001, and in Italy May26, 1891, No. 29.781/296.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known thatLOSCAR Fnomon, acitizen ofSwitzerland, residing at Berlin, Prussia, Germany, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Ozone-Tubes, (for which Letters Patentwere received in France, No. 213,696, dated May 26, 1891; in Belgium,No. 95,001, dated May 26, 1891; in Germany, No. 59,565, dated March 25,1891, and in Italy, No. 29,7 81/296, dated May 26, 1891;) and ldo herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in tubes or apparatus forozonizing air and gases, said improvements referring more particularlyto a novel disposition of the conducting coatings or surfaces, thecharacter of the dielectric material employed, and the generalconstruction of the apparatus.

Prior to the invention of the improvements herein referred to thedielectric material and ozonizing-chamber were interposed between theconducting coatings or surfaces charged with electricity of oppositesign. By change of the charges in said coatings therewere produced inthe ozonizing-chamber electric discharge-currents leading directly fromone coating or surface to the'other. In the event of the apparatus beingof cylindrical form the disadvantages were increased,- since it wasnecessary to provide for the internal surf face which was covered orsurrounded by the dielectric layers a conducting connection to theoutside, thereby augmenting the liability of difficulty from imperfectinsulation. To obviate both the charges noted, I locate both theelectrical coatings or surfaces on one sideof the dielectrical layer andemploy in connection therewith and on the opposite side of said layer athird conducting-body properly insulated-and having no connection withthe said coatings or surfaces.

Prior to the invention of the improvements herein referred to theelectrical arrangement of such apparatus consisted in .interposiugbet-ween two conducting coatings charged with electricity of oppositesign one or two dielectric layers and the layer of gas to be ozonized.By the change of the charges on the first-named coatings there wereproduced in the layer of gas electrical discharge-currentsleading-directly from the one coating or surface to the other. 'In theevent ofthe apparatus being of cylindrical form the dis advantages wereincreased, since it was necessary to provide for the internal surface,which .was covered or surrounded by the dielectric layer, aconductingconnection to the outside, thereby augmenting the liability ofdifficulty fromimperfect insulation. To obviate the objections noted, Ilocate both of-the electrical coatings or surfaces on one side of thedielectric layer and employ in connection therewith and on the oppositeside of said layer a third conducting-body properly insulated and havingno connection with the said coatings or surfaces.

Inthe drawings accompanying this specifr section and plan view,respectively, showing in detail the relative position of the essentialparts according to my improvements. Figs. 3 and 4 are a vertical andhorizontal sectional detail view, respectively, showing the essentialparts illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 modified by being arranged incylindricalform. Fig. 5 is a vertical elevation, partly in section,

also showing the essential parts arranged in cylindrical form,theinsulating-shield and the conducting plates or coatings, however,extendin g longitudinally instead of horizontally, as in the previoustwo figures. Fig. 6is a horizontal sectional view of the constructiondisclosed in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing thepractical construction of 'ozone-tubes according to the presentimprovements; and Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional view of the apparatusillustrated in Fig. 7, said section being taken in the plane iudi catedby the dotted line as The relative position of the-several parts and theoperation of the same is most clearly set forth by the simple formdisclosed in Figs. 1 and 2, in which the dielectric plate 0 has twoelectrical conducting-coatings a b, sepa rated from each other by aninsulating parti tion or shield (1. At the under side of plate c and ina slight degree removed thorefroc':

. cation, Figures l andt' are a longitudinal is the metal plate m,suitably insulated from the plates a h, sothat electric discharges takeplace from the dielectric plate 0 opposite coating a to the adjacentpart of plate m and from tlielatter to the ,plate 0 opposite coating b.

The arrows indicate the direction of circulation of the current of airor gas to be oz0- nized.

In the arrangement disclosed in .the third and fourth figures oi thedrawingsthe condnctor m is of' cylindrical form and is concentricallyarranged within-the dielectric cylr iuder c, the cylindrical metalcoatings a b be ing Separated by the disk shield or guard d. The guarddmay be in the form of two flanges extending diametrically from thedielectric cylinder 0 and parallel with the axis of the same, in whichevent the metal coatings or surfaces a I) assume the form ofsemicylindrical sections vertically arranged on the cylin der 0 onopposite sides ofthe flanges forming the guard. (See Figs. 5 and 6.)

Heretofore dielectrics have been made almost exclusively of glass ormica. The present improvements contemplate the employment,in addition tothe substances mentioned, and particularly for ozone-tubes of largesize, all other insulating materials, especially porcelain, earthenware,gelatine, enamel, wood, or paper, (having an insulating material applied thereto or incorporated therewith,) papier-mach, celluloid,gntta-percha, caoutchouc, or ebonite. Those materials that are attackedby ozone may be advantageously protected by being coated with parafine,to which wax or other cementitious agent is added. The employment of anyof said materials in the manner stated will result in auozonetube oflightness, durability, and efiiciency.

In the practical form of apparatus represented in Figs? and 8 m is ametal tube or cylinder coated with tin or other poor oxidizable metal,and which has secured within it two-metal disks t 25'. Above the disktandbelow disk'ff-a seriesof holes ffare made in the cylinder. Endspaces are formed between the disks :3 t and cylinder closing heads m712 into which latter tubes 1" r' enter, respectively. Externally on thecylinder m are adjustable rings It 7c, of ebonite or like material, andwhich have annular grooves or recessesengaging and retaining thecylindrical sections 0 c of dielectric material, metal coatings orplates being applied to the outer surfaces of these sections. The entirestructure formed of ebonite rings and sections of dielectric materialforms a sleeve tightly fitting around the cylinder 'm, the middle ringsk 10' being provided with longitudinal grooves k on their inner surfacesto form channels, through which the two annular spaces between thesleeve and the cylinder can communicate. The fluid to be ozonized passesthrough ipe r to chamber 1,, from whence it flows 1 rough the holes finto the scribed: 2. In ozone apparatus, the combination,with

sleeve applied thereto to form cameo annular space outside of thecylinder man:-

after flowing down through such space it en ters chamber Z by way ofholes f and is finally discharged through piper'. The cen tral space winthe cylinder m can be used for the circulation of a cooling agent, asw'at'entor which pipes s and .5 provide for the admission and emission,respectively. The coating a is connected bye wire 2 with one pole of asource of electricity, the coating b being connected bya wire 3 with theother pole of'said source. The electric discharge will be from thecoating a to the cohdnctor mend from the latterto conductor b, the sameas explained with regard'to the arrangement illustrated in- Figs. l and2.

. By vertically dividing the rings and sections of the sleeve thelattermay be readily removed orzapplied-without necessitatiugthedisturbance of other parts of, the apparatus,and, fur ther, s i'fiicientof the sleeve may be removed to determine the degree of luminosity inthe ozoniziu'g-chamber, and hence the relative effectiveness of theozonizing operation.

The dielectric layer. may be mounted directly on the cylinder m, inwhich event the ozonizing-chamher will be between said layer and thesleeve, the latter simply carrying the outer conducting coatings orplates.

I do not restrict myself to the arrangement by which either the fluid orwater may be caused to flow'through the. apparatus, as-the particularmode is immaterial. 7

.The construction and position of the sleei'e is such that another maybe suhstitutedwhen necessary.

The electric discharge-currents are designated by 4 in the severalfigures.

I claim I 1. In ozone apparatus, the combination, with a dielectriclayer or plate, of independent electrodes located at one side of thesame and a metallic body facing both electrodes, located at the oppositeside of and at some distance from thedielectric plate, substantially asdea dielectric layer or plate, of independent elec;

trodes located at one-side of thesame and insulated from each other by aguard or shield and a metallic body facing both electrodes, located atthe opposite side of; and at some distaucefrom the said layer or plate,substantially as described. I

3. In ozone apparatns, thecombination, with a cylindrical. metallicbody, of a removable an ozonizingspace and carrying theconducting-surfaces insulated from'each other, together with adielectric layer-located in said ozonizing-spaoe, substantially asdescribed.

4. The combination, in ozone apparatus, of a. dielectric layer,independent electrodes at one side of the same, and a metallic bodyfacing both electrodes at the other side thereof, the elements beingdisposed to present an ozonizi'ng-charnber, and a cooling-compartment'located adjacent to said chamber, sub-r each including anindependentelectrode, sub'-' stantially as set forth.-

- 6. The combination,-in ozone apparatus, of

a cylindrical body'm, having perforations f f I an adjacently-arrangedsleeve carrying independent electrodes and forming impart theozonizing-chamber, withthe respective .end

' portions of which the said openings communicate for the circulation ofair therethrough, and a'layer of dielectric material interposed betweenthe cylindrical body m and .sleeve,

substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, in ozone apparatus,of"

ring-sections-of insulating material and having opposite recesses,independent electrodes and dielectric layers'seated in said recesses,=

the electrode and layer of one section being insulated from those of theother section, and the cylindrical body m, arranged at the side of'thelayers opposite to that occupied by the electrodes, substantially asdescribed.

8. Thecombination, in ozone apparatus, of

'the headed'cylinder m, provided with supply and exhaust pipes,respectively, and perforations ff, inner disks it within the cylinderand inside of the location of the said perforations, said disks havingpipes s and s, as described, and a sleeve forming an ozonizingspace,with the respective ends of which said openin gs f f communicate for thecirculation of air therethrough, said sleeve comprising rings carrying.independent electrodes, to

gether with layers of dielectric materialinterpose liqfi i een saidelectrodes and said cylinderg'ea'ch electrode'andits dielectric materialbeing insulated fromthebther electrode and itsdielectricdayer,substantially as set forth.

9. In ozone apparatus, the combination, with the' dielectric layer orplate, of independent 7 electr de oc at M ti the Same and ing boglyfacing bbth electrodes, lo-

cated at the opposite side of and at some distance fronrs'aid' layer orplate and having a. surface of poorlyoiii'dii r i metal, substan tiallyas described; r a 10. The combinatibhihozone apparat'h's,'of adielectric layer or plate having a surface provided with anozone-resisting preparation, independent electrodes locatdat one side ofsaid layer or plate, and a metallic bodyifacing both electrodes, locatedat the opposite side of and. at some distance from the dielectric plate,substantially as described. 11. Th, combination, ingzone apparatus, of adialect" 'c'layer orplate, obhsisting of a-vege-'- tableinaterial'having a-isiirface of insulating and ozoneresistingmaterial,,,- independentelectrodes located at one's'ide'of said layer,auda" metallic body facing both electrodes, located at the opposite sideof and at some distance from the dielectric plate, substantially asdescribed. v t

In testimony whereof I; have aifixed my signature in presenceoNiwo'witnesses.

osoaa FRoLIcH.

Witnesses:

GUSTAV STENZEL, MAX WAGNER,--

Berlin, S. PV.

